What is a population in ecological terms?
The total number of organisms of the same species living in a specific area at a given time.
What is population size?
The total number of individuals of the same species in a specific area.
What does population frequency measure?
The number of times a species appears in a specific area or habitat.
Define population density.
The number of individuals per unit area or volume of a habitat.
What is population distribution?
The spatial arrangement of individuals in a population, which can be clumped, random, or uniform.
What factors affect population size?
Natality, mortality, immigration, and emigration.
What is natality?
The birth rate of a population.
What is the effect of immigration on population size?
It increases the population size.
Define dynamic equilibrium in population ecology.
A balance where population sizes fluctuate around the carrying capacity of their habitats.
Name one density-independent factor affecting population size.
Weather changes or natural disasters.
Name one density-dependent factor affecting population size.
Competition, predation, or disease.
What is the quadrat sampling method used for?
To estimate the number and types of plant species in a habitat.
How is population size estimated using the capture-recapture method?
By the formula: (Number first captured × Number second captured) ÷ Number recaptured.
What is the transect method used for in population studies?
Counting and recording plants at marked intervals along a tape.
What is the purpose of family planning?
To control the number and timing of children through various birth control methods.
Name one natural method of family planning.
The rhythm method or withdrawal.
What does a condom do as a mechanical method of birth control?
Prevents sperm from entering the vagina and protects against STDs.
What is the role of contraceptive pills in family planning?
They prevent ovulation through hormones.
What is tubal ligation?
A surgical method where a woman's fallopian tubes are tied to block sperm from reaching the eggs.
What are two factors that influence population growth?
Resource availability and breeding seasons.
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